We Have an Urgent Job Opening for the below mentioned positions in Iraq:

1- Mechanical Technician
Should be 8 years experience of repair & maintenance of rotating mechanical equipment.

2- Instrument Technician
Bachelor degree
5 years of relevant job experience.

3- Electrical Technician
8-10 years of relevant experience maintaining electrical equipment.

Require candidate working in River water treatment plant in oil & gas industries.

Interested Candidates kindly share your resume at poojari@sofomation.com

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Zamil Offshore Rig Construction Project -Saudi Arab.

Location -Saudi Arab.

1- Welding Supervisor 4000SR

2- Structural Welding Supervisor 4000SR

3- Structural Welding Foreman 2800SR

4- Piping Supervisor 4000SR

5- Piping Foreman 2800SR

6- Ship Fitter Supervisor 4000SR

7- Ship Fitter Foreman 2800SR

8- Mechanical Supervisor 4000SR

9- Fabrication Supervisor 4000SR

10- Pipe Fabricator 1600-1800SR

11- Out Fitter 1600SR

12- 6GR Smaw Welder 2000SR

13- 4G Plate Welder 1600SR

14- Rigger 1400SR

15- Scaffolders 1400SR

Free Food+Accommodation+4hrs OT daily.

All Personals should have minimum 5-7 years experienced in Onshore Offshore Barge Construction, Oil& Gas, Refinery, Petrochemical.

All Personals should have minimum 5-7 years experienced in Shipyard, Oil& Gas, Refinery, Petrochemical Projects.

saudiprojects@iomservices.in

Zamil Offshore Rig Construction Project -Saudi Arab.

International Overseas Management

K10 Grand,

Office No.319

3rd Floor

Behind Atlantic K10, Sarabhai Campus,

Wadiwadi

Vadodara-390007

Contact :9313435828

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Valve technician and Valve fitters Hiring for Kuwait !!!

1- Valve technicians

2- Valve fitters

Educational Qualification: – ITI

Experience: Minimum 5-7 years experience in servicing and testing of mechanical valves independently

and ability to communicate with team leader

Interested Indian candidates can share profile to lata@expouniverse.com

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URGENTLY REQUIRED REFINERY 5 YEARS MAINTENANCE CONTRACT-KUWAIT,

JOB TITLE SALARY IN KD

01- INTRUMENT MAINTENANCE ENGINEER 1375 KD

02- INSTRUMENT MAINTENANCE SUPERVSOR 825 KD

03- ANALYZER MAINTENANCE SUPERVISOR 825 KD

04- MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE FOREMAN 440 KD

05- SR. ELECTRICAL TECHNICIAN 580 KD

06- SR. MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE TECHNICIAN 580 KD

07- ANALYZER TECHNICIAN 440 KD

08- CONTROL VALVE TECHNICIAN 440 KD

09- INSTRUMENT TECHNICIAN 440 KD

10- FIRE ALARM TECHNICIAN/ FIRE FIGHTING TECHNICIAN 440 KD

11- ELELCTRICAL FITTER 350 KD

12- GENERAL FITTER 350 KD

13- INSTRUMENT MECHANIC 350 KD

All Candidates should have Degree/Diploma/ITI/SSC with 8-10 years Maintenance

Experience in Hydrocarbon Refinery or similar operating plants like, Refinery, Oil & Gas,

Petrochemical and Fertilizer Plants.

NOTE: – MAINTENANCE EXPENIENCE CANDIDATES ONL APPLY

REFINERY 5 YEARS MAINTENANCE CONTRACT

Suitable candidates send their CV, Educational Certificate, Experience Certificate,

and Photo on given below id. mail Id; – kuwaitprojects@iomservices.in

International Overseas Management,
KIO Grand, Office Behind Atlantic
Campus,
Contact; 9327362023

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Instrument Technician Required For Saudi Arabia

Position :- Instrument Technician

(Must have experience in Petrochemical or Fertilize plant / Refinery / Steel plant maintenance projects)

Handle instruments like RTD, PT100, PCV, TCV, limit switches can do parameter setting and troubleshooting
and sensing devices used in plant

Interested candidates forward your CV on the given mail id abhishek@itlservice.net

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Urgently hiring for shutdown project in Qatar.

Interested Personals forward us your updated cv to prabha@expouniverse.com OR can contact me on whatsapp – +91 9833377251

Positions :

1- Lifting Engineer

2- Valves Supervisor/ General Foreman

3- HSSE Lead

4- TA Scheduler

5- Permit to Work Coordinator

6- Materials Controller

7- CEP

8- Flawless (QA/QC) Lead Engineer

9- Logistics coordinator

10- Training Coordinator

11- Technical Clerk/Document controller

12- Technical Clerk/Document controller

13- Warehouse Supervisor

14- Welding Engineer

15- Electrical Supervisor/ General Foreman

16- Logistics coordinator

17- Sub-Contracts Engineer

18- Cost Engineer

19- Mechanical Supervisor/General Foreman

20- Logistics coordinator

21- Storeman

22- Admin Assistant/ Time Keeper

23- R-AGT

24- Admin

25- TA Engineer

26- Electrician

27- Industrial Cleaners

28 Mechanical Foreman

29- Lifting Supervisor

30- Flawless (QA/QC) Inspector

31- Senior Rigger

32- Confined Space Attendant (Hole Watcher)

33- HSSE Officer

34- Pipe Fitter

35- Fire Watcher

36- 72 Flange Technicians (FT1)

37- Mechanical Supervisor/General Foreman

38- Mechanical Foreman

39- Welder

40- Rigger

41- Pipe Fitter

Urgently hiring for shutdown project in Qatar.

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Opening in Bahrain for E& I Technician:

min 5+ yrs in Maintenance of Beam Pump POC (BP).Corrective and troubleshooting of BP POC unit. Installation of POC.
Configurations of POC with Well Parameters.
Knowledge about installation of industrial instruments and troubleshooting.

If interested, pls send updated CV to recruitment@primehrsourcing.com

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1- Job: Well Operator – 28/28 rotation

Department: Offshore Operations

Required for a leading Oil and Gas Operator based in UAE

Minimum 5 years experience in Well and Satellite Operation.

Should have experience in Well Intervention and Completions

Excellent Salary Offered

Email – jubal@hirerightt.com

2- Well experienced (commissioning and trouble shooting)

Instrument technician required for Descon project(long term contract) at UAE.

Salary package. 1500 AED to 2500AED.

ONLY Pakistan national and UAE available candidates may apply.

alimoazzam677@gmail.com
Risingsaeed@gmail.com

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SAMSUNG SAUDI ARABIA VACANICES

Good day We are Hiring SAMSUNG SAUDI ARABIA is need of the following position for RESUME sending only: please send your resume to angie@ywacorp.com

QC INSPECTOR WITH ARAMCO APPROVED:

1. QC COATING INSPECTOR

2. QC CIVIL INSPECTOR

3. QC INSTRUMENT INSPECTOR

4. QC ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR

5. QC ROTATING INSPECTOR

6. QC STATIC INSPECTOR

7. QC BUILDING INSPECTOR

8. QC STRUCTURE INSPECTOR

9. QC PIPING INSPECTOR

SUPERVISOR POSITION:

1. ELECTRICAL SUPERVISOR

2. INSTRUMENT SUPERVISOR

3. BUILDING SUPERVISOR

4. HVAC SUPERVISOR

5. PIPING SUPERVISOR

6. STEEL STRUCTURE SUPERVISOR

7. MECHANICAL SUPERVISOR

8. PAINTING SUPERVISOR

Godbless! Have a nice day?

SAMSUNG SAUDI ARABIA VACANICES

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Potential Requirements for Civil/Infrastructure projects

1· Construction Manager

2· Senior Architect Engineer

3· Sr. Civil/Structural Engineer

4· Sr. Mechanical Engineer

5· Sr. Electrical Engineer

6· Sr. Contracts Engineer

7· Senior Quantity Surveyor

8· Planning/Scheduling Engineer

9· Construction Supervisor

10· QA/QC Engineer

11· Health & Safety Engineer

12· Project/MEP Coordinator

13· Civil/Structural Inspection Engineer

14· Mechanical Site Inspection Engineer

15· Electrical Site Inspection Engineer

16· Architectural Site Inspection Engineer

Potential Requirements for Civil/Infrastructure projects: please send your CV to C.Middleeast@penspen.com and write the job title as subject.
Candidates should minimum 12 years experience in civil or infrastructure projects, GCC experience is preferable.

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There is no doubt that Apple is making incredible money. In fact, for the first time in the last quarter, they exceeded one hundred billion dollars in revenue. But the most interesting thing is that they have a lot of cash. Almost 200 billion, more than any other companying the world. That’s a whopping 180 from where they were two decades ago. When Apple had just escaped bankruptcy.

So how did they manage to make so much money so quickly to become the most valuable company in the world? Well that’s what I’ll explain in this article. This is Greg with Apple Explained, and this topic came in first place in the last voting poll, if you didn’t get a chance to participate, make sure you’re subscribed and polls like this one will begin appearing in your mobile activity feed. Alright now one of the biggest reasons Apple is doing so well today, is due to their business strategy, which was way ahead of its time.

In the 1980s, computer companies like Microsoft made money by allowing their operating system. But Jobs refused. Instead hedging his bets on hardware sales .It is believed that you can create a great product only if you have control over the hardware and software. And you can only charge a hardware bonus if it’s objectively better than the competition.

The problem with this strategy in the 80sand 90s, was that most customers didn’t see the difference between Macs and PCs. At least not enough to justify the Mac’s higher price. As a result, Apple controlled only a small portion of the computer market. Thus, their focus on integrating and updating hardware and software would be even more important for consumers as the industry moves to mobile phones.

Apple first caught a glimpse of this withMP3 players. There were many cheap models on the market, but their iPod managed to escape. Eventually, it occupies almost eighty percent of the music player market. And that’s because optimization is key to battery life, portability, and ease of use.

With something that Apple already had experience with, other companies like Sony and Microsoft didn’t. Navigating your iPod with a click button made it easy to browse your music. His implementation program was practical and easy to understand. And adding music was easy, because almost everyone was familiar with iTunes.

I’m not talking about the iTunes music store that works continuously with the iPod. Apple designed their hardware to operate flawlessly with their software which operated flawlessly with their services. And consumers are beginning to realize the true value of iPod integration.

Which is why they didn’t mind paying a premium for the device, even though there were alternatives for half the price. The high profitability and sales of the iPad contributed to Apple’s enormous growth from 2001 to 2007, where the company grew by almost 25-100 percent annually.

This was the beginning of Apple’s most profitable era. And they had a unique opportunity to do what no other technology company could do; that is, creating an ecosystem where every product becomes a wild success. This was crucial to Apple’s explosive growth.

They couldn’t simply release new products that sold sportive well, like the Macintosh in its early days. They needed each device to model like the iPod, which controlled their market with high gross margins to distribute revenue. And that’s exactly what happened. Apple went very fast and released the iPhone in 2007.

It became a quick hit and immediately boosted Apple’s annual revenue. But the iPad, released three years later, took things to a whole new level. Everyone expected the Apple tablet to cost at least a thousand dollars. So when Steve Jobs announced it’s starting price of five hundred dollars, the hype surrounding the product grew even more than with the iPhone.

By the time it went on sale, the iPad had become the best -selling consumer electronics in history. By 2011, Apple had more than $ 100 billion in revenue. They will be the most important company in the world. This happened two weeks after Jobs resigned as Apple CEO.

Now if you are wondering what day is in the life of Steve Jobs really like. I’ll be making a video about that soon so be sure you’re subscribed for that. But one aspect of creating products that sell well, is that achieving market satisfaction becomes inevitable.

Which means it’s pretty much impossible to find new customers, and you can only make money from existing customers upgrading the devices they already own. Apple has tried to fix this by focusing on single emerging markets such as China and India, where their products are unknown.

But due to the price sensitivity of these countries. Sales of Apple products did not increase as they had hoped, and a new strategy was needed to increase revenue. So Apple took two approaches: first, was the decision to increase prices of almost every product in their lineup.

This, for the most part, took place in 2018. When the iPhone and iPad’s base price increased by fifty dollars, the Apple Watch by seventy dollars, the Mac mini by three hundred, and the Mac Book Air by two hundred. These price increases were pure profit for Apple, as the cost of manufacturing these products remained largely the same.

Second, it was to focus on growing their business with their services. Which allowed Apple to take advantage of their user experience along with recurring monthly payments. This is what led to the emergence of Apple TV Plus, Apple Arcade, Apple News Plus and Apple Fitness Plus.

These services were also very lucrative as their costs were fixed no matter how many people signed up. So how effective are these strategies in generating revenue for Apple? Well, after all of the prices increases of2018, Apple had their most successful year since 2015, totaling 265 billion in revenue.

But what happened next was amazing Through the next two years. Apple began rolling out various subscription services to their existing users. Apple News plus launched in March 2019, the Apple Card in August 2019, Apple Arcade in September 2019, and Apple Fitness Plus in December 2020. Dissatisfaction with the new service has increased the company’s revenue. Setting a new annual record in 2020, at over274 billion dollars.

But with the exception of the latest blockbuster product from Apple, I would like to see the latest version of the Consumer Data. Although they do employ some targeted ads on their News app and App Store. It’s on an extremely a small scale and collects much less data than companies like Facebook or Google. And I think Apple deserves some credit forth is. User data has become more valuable than oil, and Apple could begin fracking their user base at any time to generate tens of billions in extra revenue. From the outset they received.

Understand that they are in a unique position to pay more for their products by providing advanced knowledge and treating their users with respect by handling their private data responsibly. And so far that approach has been the most profitable, as Apple remains the most valuable tech company in the world, with sales potential. High volume of high margin products. Alright so that is how Apple makes so much money, don’t forget to subscribe to catch an upcoming video about a day in the life of Steve Jobs. And I’ll see you next time.

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The first smartphone Sony Xperia 1 mark 3 to have a 4K HDR OLED display

Sony is one of the OGs of the mobile industry. Just like LG Sony has been making phones for over 2 decades now. And just like them, Sony has been struggling with their mobile division. But unlike LG, Sony isn’t throwing their towels yet. But instead making their voices heard by pushing lot of other nice specs that are relatively hard to come by on other Android phones.

Sony has announced their latest flagship the Sony Xperia 1 mark 3 that one-ups the best Android phone at the moment the Galaxy S21Ultra in many key features. The first one is the display. The Xperia 1 Mark 3 is the first smartphone to have a 4K HDR OLED display that can do a 120Hz refresh rate. It’s locked at 120Hz, though unlike the variable refresh rate we see on other devices.

To be honest, 4K on a smartphone is a little overkill. In my opinion, it’s hardly worth paying extra for considering you’re not going to tell the difference between a 4K and a QHD display on a smartphone. But nonetheless, 4K at a 120Hz refresh rate is still impressive.

The second feature this phone has that nonother phone can do is actually hidden beneath those bezels. At first glance, the phone looks identical to the original Xperia 1. It’s tall and narrow, with lots of glossy lack. And small curves on all the angles. Giving them the most monolithic look of smartphone today with some bezels at the top and bottom of the display.

But those small bezels are there for a good reason since they house the world’s first front-facing stereo speakers on a smartphone to offer 360 Reality Audio. Producing 40% more output than the previous model. To be honest, even though the phone looks dated but I still like the design.

It helps them stand out from the crowd of same-looking Android phones out there. This phone also has a new variable tele photo camera bringing another world’s-first. It has a periscope zoom camera module like the one found on the Galaxy S21 Ultra.

However, the internal elements of the lens can be moved. To change the focal length to 70 mm or 105 mm for optical zoom. That’s 3x and 4.5x zoom if you don’t understand the focal length. Samsung offers the same benefit with the S21Ultra, but it has two separate telephoto sensors.

So with this new tech, Sony is achieving the same effect with one sensor whereas it took 2 separate ones for Samsung and Huawei. Other Sony camera features like real-time tracking and eye autofocus, AI Super-resolution zoom for photos are all there.

Also similar to the Xperia Pro, this phonecam be used as an external monitor for a dedicated camera. There’s also the more standard fare like Snapdragon 888, 12GB RAM, wireless charging, and 4500mAh battery. Sony is also the last mainstream brand to offer a headphone jack. And a microSD card with this phone which is highly appreciated.

All in all, on paper, all of this sounds really great but the price plays a big factor as well. Sony has struggled mightily to gain any measurable market share due to higher prices than is the norm for even flagship Android phones. We still have no word on the prices. But If Sony can price this handset competitively. And with some good marketing (both are begins) it has a chance of not going the way of LG. Of course, do consider subscribing for all the latest tech news and as always I’ll see you tomorrow…Peace out!

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Pt. Epiterma Mas Indonesia requires employees:

1. Fitter 1

2. Fitter 2

3. Welder

4. Rigger

5. Electrical

6. Cook

Candidates must have experience in the field, a maximum age of 40 years and be willing to be sent to an overseas project site. Candidates who do not meet the qualifications will not be processed.

Please send your CV to debby@epiterma.com

Share to friends who need ya 🙂

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In January 2021, Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed Bin Salman released a video announcing bold plans for the future. It was a keynote speech that looked all too familiar, a lot like the late Steve Jobs announcing a new smart phone era.

Yet instead of big tech, it’s all about future is tic urban development and utopian nation building. The plans are ambitious. A linear city stretching 170km with no roads, no cars and no pollution. This so-called civilization revolution will house over a million people. But there’s one major point that wasn’t addressed in the speech. A city of this size needs water, a lot of it. And we’re talking about one of the driest places on earth. Water scarcity is ubiquitous in the Middle East.

In fact, while a global water crisis is looming over many countries, it’s affecting this region more than most. Exponential population increases and environmental impacts have led to the tricky situation of growing demand for an ever scarcer resource. To mitigate the problematic consequences, countries in the region have predominantly relied on an expensive and highly controversial measure: desalination.

The principle of the manmade desalination process is simple. You suck water out of the ocean, separated from its salt and deliver the fresh water wherever it’s needed, mostly for human consumption or irrigation. Until now, there have been two main ways of doing this: Thermal desalination is the more traditional method involving heating up salt water and then cooling the vapor to make fresh water.

The other, more sophisticated and dominant technology on the market is called reverse osmosis. Using high pressure, salt water is pushed through a semi-permeable membrane to separate the salt. RO membrane systems typically useless energy than thermal desalination. However, both methods still come at a huge cost, both economical and environmental.

The economic costs stem from the high energy demands of desalination, which were linked in turn to a global environmental cost, dependent on how the energy was produced. In the Middle East, his mainly means fossil fuels. Desalination plants are responsible for a combined output of 76 million tons of CO2 per year.

A number that’s expected to be almost three times higher by 2040. On a local scale, the main issue is the byproduct of desalination: hyper saline brine. After extracting fresh water, the brain is usually pumped back into the ocean. As it’s much denser than seawater, it sinks to the bottom where it can damage ecosystems by spiking salt content and causing oxygen levels to plummet.

All this means that countries traditionally only resort to desalination if there are simply no alternatives available or they need to become independent from a regionally disputed water source. Egypt, for example, is betting heavily on expanding its desalination industry due to rapid population growth and growing fears of Nile droughts.

Desalination is meant to ease tensions with upstream Ethiopia over the massive GERD dam project and to fill the already existing gap. Across the border, in Israel, drought and over pumping have brought the biblical Sea of Galilee to an extreme low.

The inland sea is Israel’s biggest freshwater reservoir, and its low level is now starving the downstream River Jordan and the Dead Sea. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s government sees the solution in desalination. The intention is to pump desalinated water from the Mediterranean to the Sea of Galilee and simply refill it.

Desalination is booming. The number of seawater desalination plants in operation worldwide has more than doubled since the early 2000s. Today, more than 300 million people globally get their water from this technology. A total of 173 countries run desalination plants, but the leader of the pack is with out doubt Saudi Arabia, by far the largest of the few countries in the world without a single river.

Its coasts are densely stocked with desalination plants. Together, they produce more fresh water than any nation. A fifth of the world’s total. At al-Jubail, the world’s largest desalination plant produces more than 1.4 million cubic meters of water a day and provides the country’s capital with fresh water.

With very little fresh water at its disposal, yet awash in oil money, Saudi Arabia uses fossil fuels to generate the vast amount of electricity needed. The country also has to cope with huge amounts of waste from this energy intensive industry. Under current RO technology standards, it takes two gallons of seawater to make a gallon of fresh water. The gallon left behind is brine pumped back into the ocean. But all this is supposed to change.

NEOM is Saudi Arabia’s ambitious flagship giga-project, a 500 billion dollar investment in a country within a country located in the sparsely populated northwest along the shores of the Red Sea. Among its key concepts are sustainability and environmental responsibility.

But what’s the substance behind these fancy catch phrases when it comes to supplying the huge demand for a scarce resource like fresh water in the desert? The solution is supposed to bean innovative technology that looks like this: a sphere formed by galas and steel dome rising 25 meters into the air, which covers a cauldron of roughly the same size.

The so-called “solar dome” was developed by the UK based company Solar Water in association with Canfield University. The theory behind it is actually quite simple. Sea water is piped through glass enclosed aqueduct system, which feeds the water with sunlight as it travels into the dome. An array of parabolic mirrors concentrates the solar radiation onto the dome.

This superheated the seawater in the cauldron where it evaporates. As a result, highly pressurized steam is released and condenses as fresh water, which is then piped to reservoirs and irrigation channels. The solar dome is meant to produce30,000 cubic meters per hour at an extremely low cost of 34 cents per cubic meter. All of it 100 percent carbon neutral. But there’s still the issue of the hyper saline brain.

Supposedly, the desalination process in NEOM reduces the total amount of brine created during water extraction, helping to prevent damage caused to marine life by not discharging any brine into the sea. Yet so far, the question of what really happens to the concentrated brine is still unanswered. Solar Water alleges that it can be extracted and sold commercially.

The brine contains substances that can be put to good use in other industrial processes. It still remains to be seen whether this actually works and whether the plan to create a commercially viable extraction of resources for other industries will succeed. The first solar dome is currently under construction to be trialed on an industrial scale.

NEOM solar desalination project will serve as a test case for other water scarce countries that are struggling to generate environmentally safe and sustainable sources of fresh water. Solar Water’s vision is bold: carbon-neutral agriculture and reforestation in the middle of the desert.

It’s hard to predict how much of this vision will turn out to be true. NEOM will certainly put it to the test with the first solar dome desalination plant planned for completion in 2021. Desalination, despite all its issues, isn’t going anywhere. As it gets cheaper and water scarcity becomes ever more threatening, the industry will continue to grow. And countries in the Middle East will rely on it totally.

It’s up to all of us to handle the valuable resource of fresh water in a saving and sustainable manner and to science and innovation to find the most ecological and least harmful way to provide it.In January 2021, Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed Bin Salman released a video announcing bold plans for the future.

It was a keynote speech that looked all too familiar, a lot like the late Steve Jobs announcing a new smart phone era. Yet instead of big tech, it’s all about future is tic urban development and utopian nation building. The plans are ambitious.

A linear city stretching 170km with no roads, no cars and no pollution. This so-called civilization revolution will house over a million people. But there’s one major point that wasn’t addressed in the speech. A city of this size needs water, a lot of it. And we’re talking about one of the driest places on earth.

Water scarcity is ubiquitous in the Middle East. In fact, while a global water crisis is looming over many countries, it’s affecting this region more than most. Exponential population increases and environmental impacts have led to the tricky situation of growing demand for an ever scarcer resource.

To mitigate the problematic consequences, countries in the region have predominantly relied on an expensive and highly controversial measure: desalination. The principle of the manmade desalination process is simple. You suck water out of the ocean, separated from its salt and deliver the fresh water wherever it’s needed, mostly for human consumption or irrigation.

Until now, there have been two main ways of doing this: Thermal desalination is the more traditional method involving heating up salt water and then cooling the vapor to make fresh water. The other, more sophisticated and dominant technology on the market is called reverse osmosis. Using high pressure, salt water is pushed through a semi-permeable membrane to separate the salt.

RO membrane systems typically useless energy than thermal desalination. However, both methods still come at a huge cost, both economical and environmental. The economic costs stem from the high energy demands of desalination, which were linked in turn to a global environmental cost, dependent on how the energy was produced. In the Middle East, his mainly means fossil fuels.

Desalination plants are responsible for a combined output of 76 million tons of CO2 per year. A number that’s expected to be almost three times higher by 2040. On a local scale, the main issue is the byproduct of desalination: hyper saline brine. After extracting fresh water, the brain is usually pumped back into the ocean.

As it’s much denser than seawater, it sinks to the bottom where it can damage ecosystems by spiking salt content and causing oxygen levels to plummet.

All this means that countries traditionally only resort to desalination if there are simply no alternatives available or they need to become independent from a regionally disputed water source.

Egypt, for example, is betting heavily on expanding its desalination industry due to rapid population growth and growing fears of Nile droughts. Desalination is meant to ease tensions with upstream Ethiopia over the massive GERD dam project and to fill the already existing gap.

Across the border, in Israel, drought and over pumping have brought the biblical Sea of Galilee to an extreme low. The inland sea is Israel’s biggest freshwater reservoir, and its low level is now starving the downstream River Jordan and the Dead Sea.

Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s government sees the solution in desalination. The intention is to pump desalinated water from the Mediterranean to the Sea of Galilee and simply refill it. Desalination is booming. The number of seawater desalination plants in operation worldwide has more than doubled since the early 2000s. Today, more than 300 million people globally get their water from this technology.

A total of 173 countries run desalination plants, but the leader of the pack is with out doubt Saudi Arabia, by far the largest of the few countries in the world without a single river.

Its coasts are densely stocked with desalination plants. Together, they produce more fresh water than any nation. A fifth of the world’s total. At al-Jubail, the world’s largest desalination plant produces more than 1.4 million cubic meters of water a day and provides the country’s capital with fresh water.

With very little fresh water at its disposal, yet awash in oil money, Saudi Arabia uses fossil fuels to generate the vast amount of electricity needed.

The country also has to cope with huge amounts of waste from this energy intensive industry. Under current RO technology standards, it takes two gallons of seawater to make a gallon of fresh water.

The gallon left behind is brine pumped back into the ocean. But all this is supposed to change. NEOM is Saudi Arabia’s ambitious flagship giga-project. 500 billion dollar investment in a country within a country located in the sparsely populated northwest along the shores of the Red Sea. Among its key concepts are sustainability and environmental responsibility.

But what’s the substance behind these fancy catch phrases when it comes to supplying the huge demand for a scarce resource like fresh water in the desert?

The solution is supposed to bean innovative technology that looks like this: a sphere formed by galas and steel dome rising 25 meters into the air, which covers a cauldron of roughly the same size.

The so-called “solar dome” was developed by the UK based company Solar Water in association with Canfield University. The theory behind it is actually quite simple.

Sea water is piped through glass enclosed aqueduct system, which feeds the water with sunlight as it travels into the dome.

An array of parabolic mirrors concentrates the solar radiation onto the dome. This superheated the seawater in the cauldron where it evaporates. As a result, highly pressurized steam is released and condenses as fresh water, which is then piped to reservoirs and irrigation channels.

The solar dome is meant to produce30,000 cubic meters per hour at an extremely low cost of 34 cents per cubic meter. All of it 100 percent carbon neutral. But there’s still the issue of the hyper saline brain.

Supposedly, the desalination process in NEOM reduces the total amount of brine created during water extraction, helping to prevent damage caused to marine life by not discharging any brine into the sea. Yet so far, the question of what really happens to the concentrated brine is still unanswered. Solar Water alleges that it can be extracted and sold commercially.

The brine contains substances that can be put to good use in other industrial processes. It still remains to be seen whether this actually works and whether the plan to create a commercially viable extraction of resources for other industries will succeed.

The first solar dome is currently under construction to be trialed on an industrial scale. NEOM solar desalination project will serve as a test case for other water scarce countries that are struggling to generate environmentally safe and sustainable sources of fresh water.

Solar Water’s vision is bold: carbon-neutral agriculture and reforestation in the middle of the desert. It’s hard to predict how much of this vision will turn out to be true. NEOM will certainly put it to the test with the first solar dome desalination plant planned for completion in 2021.

Desalination, despite all its issues, isn’t going anywhere. As it gets cheaper and water scarcity becomes ever more threatening, the industry will continue to grow. And countries in the Middle East will rely on it totally. It’s up to all of us to handle the valuable resource of fresh water in a saving and sustainable manner and to science and innovation to find the most ecological and least harmful way to provide it.

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